tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post6949155278882052761..comments2024-03-21T14:19:53.378+00:00Comments on The 3G4G Blog: VoLTE BearersZahid Ghadialyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11618208626682295272noreply@blogger.comBlogger33125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-8665203308771214972017-10-24T10:18:21.877+01:002017-10-24T10:18:21.877+01:00Hi,
Actually the QCI5 is used for the default bea...Hi,<br /><br />Actually the QCI5 is used for the default bearer of IMS signalling (IMS control plane) so it must be always activated together with the "internet" default bearer (in your case QCI9). If it was deactivated you cannot register towards IMS network neither do calls in VoLTE. The bearer that is activated only with calls is a dedicated bearer with QCI1 that is used to transport RTP packets (media packets) of the user. During the call you should have 3 bearers:<br />- default bearer with QCI9 (apn "internet") - used for internet data<br />- default bearer with QCI5 (apn "ims") - used for IMS signalling<br />- dedicated bearer with QCI1 (over the apn "ims") - used for media (audio)<br /><br />You read GSMA IR.92 that explains these concepts.Carlos P.noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-74885394451750971182017-10-24T09:52:20.121+01:002017-10-24T09:52:20.121+01:00In one network I noticed QCI 9 and QCI 5 are alway...In one network I noticed QCI 9 and QCI 5 are always established and deactivated together for VoLTE provisioned subscribers for any Internet/data activity/inactivity. So QCI 5 attempts are almost same as QCI 9 attempts for a VoLTE subscriber (radio end counter). It seems to be unnecessary as we need QCI 5 only during VoLTE session. The benefit could be fast VoLTE setup if UE is already in RRC connected state due to data activity. I want to know if it is as per 3GPP standard? If yes then I would appreciate the reference document number. <br /><br />Thanks.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-3977662514101078412016-11-15T12:54:02.580+00:002016-11-15T12:54:02.580+00:00I noticed 'hos' as a apn for Telstra netwo...I noticed 'hos' as a apn for Telstra network but not much info on its function. Thanks for any replyAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-47381672243306900352015-12-02T09:58:30.774+00:002015-12-02T09:58:30.774+00:00Hi, here is my question:
is it possible a pure 4G...Hi, here is my question:<br /><br />is it possible a pure 4G LTE phone (not a VoLTE phone) to register successfully in pure PS LTE network with IMS Core?Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-42557753888308334582015-08-21T14:14:24.747+01:002015-08-21T14:14:24.747+01:00Hi All,
Can anyone please let me know what are UE ...Hi All,<br />Can anyone please let me know what are UE capabilty for VoLTE?Anonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/09276908018954589971noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-3473317378750989232015-03-31T11:02:41.969+01:002015-03-31T11:02:41.969+01:00What is going if you have ims apn set in UE and no...What is going if you have ims apn set in UE and non capable SIM card. How should UE behave?<br />Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-9312840948147148532015-01-05T08:21:39.316+00:002015-01-05T08:21:39.316+00:00Hi,
Interesting discussion this.
After reading thr...Hi,<br />Interesting discussion this.<br />After reading through all opinions, I feel it really depends on the operator which APN to be deemed as "default" for initial UE attach.<br />I believe it makes sense for the "internet APN" to be the default one. In such a scenario, considering home conditions, following should be the flow (please correct me if I'm wrong):<br /><br />1. UE switched on (LTE network is available)<br />2. MME requests a PDN attach with Internet APN.<br />3. UE attaches itself with the LTE network and is ready for any data communication (Default Bearer, QCI-9)<br />4. The user decides to make a VoLTE call (or receives one).<br />5. Another default bearer (QCI-5) is established, device is ready for SIP signalling.<br />6. As a result of call being established through SIP signalling, a dedicated bearer (QCI-1) is established, voice communication can now begin.<br />7. After the user ends the call, both the dedicated bearer (QCI-1) and default IMS bearer (QCI-5) are removed.<br />Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-84602934815061492252014-12-17T07:13:34.850+00:002014-12-17T07:13:34.850+00:00So
The UE will send first attach request with PDN...So<br />The UE will send first attach request with PDN connectivity request as Internet to establish the first default bearer for data and then another attach with PDN connectivity request as voice to establish a default bearer for IMS signalling.<br />If UE does not send any indication in the attach request then how does HSS return the default APN value for data and voice?<br />Please correct me if wrong.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-85260106905654544822014-05-26T09:48:47.343+01:002014-05-26T09:48:47.343+01:00Hi mihai,so ues need to have 2 default bearer qci ...Hi mihai,so ues need to have 2 default bearer qci 9 and 5 to support internet and ims,right? If yes,in the attach request what will be voice-domain-preference-and-ues-setting value to support 2 default bearer internet and ims? And what will be the pco content value...rudyhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/12415247568085320565noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-3026666518730639542014-05-19T16:08:05.455+01:002014-05-19T16:08:05.455+01:00Hi All, after read through this post, a simple que...Hi All, after read through this post, a simple question, if my mobile phone (LTE) installed the RCS linked to IMS, when i make a call, this is VoLTE? as RCS through IMS also means the QCI=5 right? so when i make a SIP Call, the PCRF together with MME will create Dedicated Bearer for Voice QCI=1 right? so this is called VoLTE also? ThanksAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-28111078860034510362014-01-24T14:38:10.858+00:002014-01-24T14:38:10.858+00:00The 4G phones I worked with (Samsung, Sony) do not...The 4G phones I worked with (Samsung, Sony) do not reject any internet APN when the data mode is disabled. They just don't use this APN at all; this is the easiest implementation in my opinion. Of course other implementations/behaviours can be possible ... it's up to the UE manufacturer.<br />Mihai Shttps://www.blogger.com/profile/12125189548491098277noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-49761812960237859832014-01-23T22:55:20.254+00:002014-01-23T22:55:20.254+00:00Mihai
If the user desactivates internet flow, for...Mihai<br /><br />If the user desactivates internet flow, for me this forbide the use of "internet" APN, so UE will reject the default bearer acivation request for this APN, then <br /><br />reg,Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-58468460410160864132014-01-23T14:05:05.030+00:002014-01-23T14:05:05.030+00:00At attach request the UE does also a "PDN con...At attach request the UE does also a "PDN connectivity request" without specifying the APN. <br />At attach accept, the Network is sending a "Activate default bearer request" to the UE specifying the internet APN (the default APN Configured in HSS), IP, QCI, QOS and other parameters.<br />If these all these parameters are supported by UE it will accept the connection at attach accept phase through "Activate default bearer accept" message.Mihai Shttps://www.blogger.com/profile/12125189548491098277noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-83331629388312170532014-01-22T17:09:26.495+00:002014-01-22T17:09:26.495+00:00@ Mihai S
You think that PDN activation request wi...@ Mihai S<br />You think that PDN activation request with internet APN will be accepted by the UE ?<br /><br />Kim NAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-2406941279300528522014-01-22T10:56:21.003+00:002014-01-22T10:56:21.003+00:00@Mircea
Disabling the data connection in UE is do...@Mircea<br /><br />Disabling the data connection in UE is done only locally, it does not send any messages to the network. Both internet (QCI 9) and ims (QCI 5) default bearers are kept in the UE, however the internet one is marked as inactive while ims one can be used any time and the VoLTE calls can be done through dedicated bearers (QCI 1 for voice and QCI2 for video).Mihai Shttps://www.blogger.com/profile/12125189548491098277noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-585146518400229622013-12-12T10:32:25.037+00:002013-12-12T10:32:25.037+00:00I have a question which might be related to qcis. ...I have a question which might be related to qcis. If I turn off my data connection in my smartphone will I still be able to do a volte service? For sure I will, but what exactly is forbiden by closing the ue data connection?Mirceahttps://www.blogger.com/profile/08177662782214872021noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-65507983336338851442013-12-09T17:27:21.393+00:002013-12-09T17:27:21.393+00:00operator can choice, but my conclusion is same as ...operator can choice, but my conclusion is same as you. IMS PDN should not be the 1st PDN.<br />in case of LTE roaming, and VPLMN doesnt' support VoLTE... any PDN can not be activated properly.Taro Shirai (via GSMA VoLTE Linkedin group)noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-9656806898866274132013-11-08T22:47:58.191+00:002013-11-08T22:47:58.191+00:00@Richard Good
As Anonymous explained, it's go...@Richard Good <br />As Anonymous explained, it's good to route the XCAP through the "internet" APN. As for the filters, I think is better to assign to the "ims" APN default bearer some traffic flow templates (TFTs) that allow only SIP (for IMS) and DNS traffic (for discovering the P-CSCF if it is the case). Anyway the ims default bearer doesn't have routing towards internet, so no traffic can be done through it. PGW protects the network against a cracked UE that might ignore the TFTs and flood the network with some garbage.<br /><br />To have a clear picture of a UE connectivity when is powered on :<br /><br />1. at attach the network is assigning the "internet" APN bearer to the UE. This is configured in HSS as “default APN” for the subscriber. <br />2. afterwards the UE initiates a "PDN connectivity request" asking for "ims" APN default bearer that will be used for SIP signaling. A this point the network can attach the above TFTs to the bearer. If the network denies the “ims” default bearer activation, the UE will stay still connected through “internet” APN and will be able to do data traffic.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Mihai Shttps://www.blogger.com/profile/12125189548491098277noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-49720617746660503872013-11-06T16:02:52.025+00:002013-11-06T16:02:52.025+00:00Hi
Excellent discussion - there are several optio...Hi<br /><br />Excellent discussion - there are several options but I think IR-92 specifies a particular one:<br /><br />"The IMS application must use the IMS well known APN as defined in PRD IR.88; any other application must not use this APN."<br /><br />So for data you would use internet APN with default bearer QCI9 and for IMS you would use IMS APN.<br /><br />IR-92 also says:<br />A default bearer must be created when the UE creates the PDN connection to the IMS well known APN, as defined in 3GPP specifications. A standardised QCI value of five (5) must be used for the default bearer. It is used for IMS SIP signalling."<br /><br />So the IMS APN will have a default bearer with QCI 5 for IMS Signalling and will support dedicated bearers for voice (QCI 1) and video (QCI 2).<br /><br />IR-92 also says:<br />"it is highly recommended that the default bearer is used for SIP and XCAP. This reduces the number of EPS bearers used. However, in multimedia operations, another configuration can be used."<br /><br />It makes sense to use the IMS Signalling bearer for XCAP as well.<br /><br />I have a question though - if we have an IMS APN with default bearer QCI 5 - how do we stop a cracked device from using this for prioritised (and potentially zero rated) data traffic? D we put a filter on the default bearer dropping all traffic that isn't IMS or XCAP signaling?<br /><br />Regards<br />Richard.Anonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/00759752442466331162noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-26244194561001802172013-09-26T13:15:22.504+01:002013-09-26T13:15:22.504+01:00Hi,
Actually there is a mistake in this descriptio...Hi,<br />Actually there is a mistake in this description. The XCAP signaling cannot use the IMS APN but must use a home routed APN. This signaling is from the Ue to the AP in the home network and as such it cannot use a locally terminated APN.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-43056257498980243982013-09-21T06:48:01.224+01:002013-09-21T06:48:01.224+01:00@Erwan: So as it is clear from the discussion that...@Erwan: So as it is clear from the discussion that there are several choices available with the operator if they want to use Internet or IMS APN for the first default bearer. I wanted to know in case the second default bearer is established due to data connectivity (Internet APN), will this default bearer remain as long as user is in registered mode or it will vanish once the data usage is over and will again appear when user initiates any data application?vikashttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02222728857016595418noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-11625012424842048752013-09-12T09:14:56.665+01:002013-09-12T09:14:56.665+01:00the HSS have a single profile for both LTE and IMS...the HSS have a single profile for both LTE and IMS. In the LTE subscription, we can configure different APN per subscriber which one is the default one. <br />At the initial attach, the MME fetches from the HSS all the APNs authorized in the PLMN. <br />The one which is tag as default is used for the initial attach (so in our discussion either IMS apn or Internet apn).Erwan Duval (Via 4G Evolution group on Linkedin)noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-34638461496977300092013-09-11T14:53:20.535+01:002013-09-11T14:53:20.535+01:00@Erwan: So do the LTE-HSS have different profiles ...@Erwan: So do the LTE-HSS have different profiles with different default APN per roaming network? And how do the UE know what pdn connectivity it do get in the initial attach. The PDN Connectivity Accept contains the serving APN but can the different layers in the UE use that information to determine what APN it got and what it have to further request? At least what I have heard the Android OS needs to have a UI configured APN for internet to be able to access internet services.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-82510612655878536842013-09-11T08:09:42.536+01:002013-09-11T08:09:42.536+01:00In an initial attach, the UE doesn't specify a...In an initial attach, the UE doesn't specify a particular PDN to connect to, it indicates a 'PDN connectivity request'. The decision to which PDN the default bearer is established is made by the MME taking into account the UE / Subscription / supported services / allowed PDNs, current loading etc. etc.<br />Therefore if it is appropriate to create a default bearer to the IMS based on the above, then the MME can make that decision (not the UE)<br />NeilNeil Wiffen (Via 4G Evolution group on Linkedin)noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1834236085756782640.post-47409860545185807202013-09-09T13:47:19.608+01:002013-09-09T13:47:19.608+01:00The operator can restrict the use of APN at PLMN l...The operator can restrict the use of APN at PLMN level. This restriction is managed in the LTE-HSS. <br /><br />Therefore, the operator can authorize some subscribers to use APN for internet while roaming in particular PLMNs and inhibit APN for IMS in other PLMNs.Erwan Duval (Via 4G Evolution group on Linkedin)noreply@blogger.com